Dr. MH. Nekoofar

DDS, MSc, DoIBoE, PhD

Tag: Biodentine

  • Fracture Resistance of Immature Incisors Following Root Filling with Various Bioactive Endodontic Cements Using an Experimental Bovine Tooth Model

    Abstract

    Objective The aim of this study was to compare the fracture resistance of immature bovine roots when using ProRoot MTA, CEM Cement, and Biodentine as root filling materials. Materials and Methods An immature bovine tooth model was developed by removing the coronal and apical portions of 70 bovine incisors 8 mm above and 12 mm below the cementoenamel junction (CEJ). The specimens were then divided into five groups: ProRoot MTA, CEM Cement, Biodentine, gutta-percha/AH26 sealer, and control. All groups received a 5-mm apical plug with a temporary restorative material. Then, the remaining root canal space was filled with one of the afore-mentioned materials. After setting, the specimens were mounted in acrylic resin. Then, 3 mm coronal to the CEJ from the buccal side of the teeth and at a 135°angle to the long axis, the specimens were loaded until fracture.

    Results The specimens in the Biodentine (2196 N) and ProRoot MTA (2103 N) groups had significantly greater fracture resistance in comparison to the control group (p = 0.01). No significant difference was found between CEM Cement, gutta-percha and sealer AH26, and control groups. No significant differences occurred between the four experimental groups (p = 0.45).

    Conclusion Filling the root canal space with ProRoot MTA and Biodentine contributed to higher fracture resistance values.

    Keywords: Fracture Resistance, Mineral Trioxide Aggregate, CEM Cement, Biodentine

     Fracture Resistance of Immature Incisors Following Root Filling with Various Bioactive Endodontic Cements Using an Experimental Bovine Tooth Model.pdf

  • Microstructure and Chemical Analysis of Four Calcium Silicate-Based Cements in Different Environmental Conditions

    Abstract

    Objective The objective of this study was to analyze the microstructure and crystalline structures of ProRoot MTA, Biodentine, CEM Cement, and Retro MTA when exposed to phosphate-buffered saline, butyric acid, and blood.

    Methods and materials Mixed samples of ProRoot MTA, Biodentine, CEM Cement, and Retro MTA were exposed to either phosphate-buffered saline, butyric acid, or blood. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopic (EDX) evaluations were conducted of specimens. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis was also performed for both hydrated and powder forms of evaluated calcium silicate cements.

    Results The peak of tricalcium silicate and dicalcium silicate detected in all hydrated cements was smaller than that seen in their unhydrated powders. The peak of calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)2) in blood- and acid-exposed ProRoot MTA, CEM Cement, and Retro MTA specimens were smaller than that of specimens exposed to PBS. The peak of Ca(OH)2 seen in Biodentine™ specimens exposed to blood was similar to that of PBS-exposed specimens. On the other hand, those exposed to acid exhibited smaller peaks of Ca(OH)2.

    Conclusion Exposure to blood or acidic pH decreased Ca(OH)2 crystalline formation in ProRoot MTA, CEM Cement and Retro MTA. However, a decrease in Ca(OH)2 was only seen when Biodentine™ exposed to acid.

    Clinical relevance The formation of Ca(OH)2 which influences the biological properties of calcium silicate cements was impaired by blood and acid exposures in ProRoot MTA, CEM Cement, and Retro MTA; however, in the case of Biodentine, only exposure to acid had this detrimental effect.

    Keywords: Biodentine, Calcium Silicate Cement, CEM Cement, EDX, MTA, SEM, XRD.

  • Human Pulp Responses to Partial Pulpotomy Treatment with TheraCal as Compared with Biodentine and ProRoot MTA: A Clinical Trial

    Abstract

    Introduction: Questions exist regarding the efficacy of resin-containing materials such as TheraCal directly applied on the pulp. This study sought to investigate the clinical efficacy of TheraCal as compared with Biodentine and ProRoot mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) for partial pulpotomy.

    Methods: In this clinical trial, partial pulpotomy was performed for 27 sound human maxillary and mandibular third molars scheduled for extraction. The teeth were randomly divided into 3 groups (n = 9) and underwent partial pulpotomy with TheraCal, Biodentine, and ProRoot MTA. The teeth were then restored with glass ionomer cement. Clinical and electric pulp tests were performed after 1 and 8 weeks. The teeth were radiographed and extracted at 8 weeks. Histologic sections were prepared and analyzed for pulp inflammation and dentinal bridge formation. Data were analyzed by using one-way analysis of variance.

    Results: Clinical examination showed no sensitivity to heat, cold, or palpation in ProRoot MTA and Biodentine groups. Two patients in TheraCal group (20%) reported significant pain at 1 week. Periapical radiographs showed no periapical pathology, and electric pulp test revealed a normal pulp response with no hypersensitivity. Inflammation was absent with all materials at 8 weeks. Normal pulp organization was seen in 33.33% of the teeth in ProRoot MTA, 11.11% in TheraCal, and 66.67% in Biodentine group (P = .06). Biodentine group showed complete dentinal bridge formation in all teeth, whereas this rate was 11% and 56% in TheraCal and ProRoot MTA groups, respectively (P = .001).

    Conclusions: Overall, Biodentine and MTA performed better than TheraCal when used as partial pulpotomy agent and presented the best clinical outcomes.

    Keywords: Biodentine, partial pulpotomy, ProRoot MTA, TheraCal.

     Human Pulp Responses to Partial Pulpotomy Treatment with TheraCal as Compared with Biodentine and ProR.pdf

  • Evaluation and Comparison of Occurrence of Tooth Discoloration after the Application of Various Calcium Silicate–based Cements: An Ex Vivo Study

    Abstract

    Introduction: Biodentine (Septodont, Saint Maur des Fossés, France), OrthoMTA (BioMTA, Seoul, Korea), and EndoSequence Root Repair Material (ERRM; Brasseler, Savannah, GA) have been developed to overcome the shortcomings of mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA). The purpose of this study was to compare tooth discoloration after the application of ProRoot MTA (Dentsply Tulsa Dental Products, Tulsa, OK) and 3 recently introduced calcium silicate-based cements in the presence and absence of blood.

    Methods: In total, 104 human anterior teeth were prepared; 96 were randomly divided into 2 groups (blood and saline contamination). Each group was subdivided into 4 experimental subgroups (n = 12) of ProRoot MTA, Biodentine, OrthoMTA, and ERRM that were used to fill the pulp chambers. The remaining 8 teeth served as the saline and blood groups. Color analysis of tooth crowns was performed using a spectroradiometer before the application of materials and at 24 hours, 1 month, and 6 months after application. Repeated measures analysis of variance was used to evaluate the effects of blood, material, and time on color change (ΔE*).

    Results: Tooth color change in all experimental groups increased over time (P < .05). Blood contamination significantly increased ΔE* (P < .05), but no significant difference occurred between the 4 groups in this respect in the presence of blood. However, in the absence of blood, the ΔE* of Biodentine and ERRM was significantly less than that of OrthoMTA (P < .05).

    Conclusions: There was no significant difference between tooth discolorations with materials in the presence of blood. However, in the absence of blood, Biodentine and ERRM exhibited less tooth discoloration than OrthoMTA.

    Keywords: Biodentine, Calcium Silicate–Based Cements, Endosequence Root Repair Material,
    Mineral Trioxide Aggregate, Tooth Discoloration.

     Evaluation and Comparison of Occurrence of Tooth Discoloration after the Application o.pdf

  • Effect of Acid Etching Procedures on the Compressive Strength of 4 Calcium Silicate–based Endodontic Cements

    The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of acid etching on the compressive strength of 4 calcium silicate–based cements. Methods: One gram of each corresponding powder of ProRoot MTA (Dentsply Tulsa Dental, Johnson City, TN), MTA Angelus (Angelus, Londrina, PR, Brazil), and CEM cement (BioniqueDent, Tehran, Iran) and a 0.33-g aliquot of liquid were placed in a plastic mixing capsule that was then mechanically mixed for 30 seconds at 4500 rpm in an amalgamator. For the preparation of Biodentine (Septodont, Saint Maur-des-Fosses, France), the liquid provided was added to the powder within the plastic capsule supplied by the manufacturer and then mechanically mixed for 30 seconds at 4500 rpm using the amalgamator. The resulting slurries were then placed incrementally into 40 cylindrical molds to give a total of 160 specimens that were incubated at 37C for a week. Twenty specimens of each material were then subjected to the acid etch procedure. The compressive strength of the samples was then calculated in megapascals using a universal testing machine. The results were then subjected to 2-way analysis of variance analysis of variance followed by the Tukey post hoc test.
    Results: The application of acid etch significantly reduced (P < .0001) the compressive strength of Angelus MTA and CEM cement; however, it did not reduce the compressive strength of ProRoot MTA or Biodentine. Regardless of the acid etch application, Biodentine showed significantly higher compressive strength values than the other materials (P < .0001), whereas CEM cement had the lowest compressive strength values. There was no significant differenc between CEM cement and MTA Angelus. The compressive strength of ProRoot MTA was significantly lower (P < .0001) than Biodentine but significantly higher (P <.0001) than MTA Angelus and CEM cement in both  the test and control groups. Conclusions: When the application of acid etchants is required, Biodentine and ProRoot MTA seem to be better options than MTA Angelus or CEM cement. (J Endod 2013;39:1646–1648)

     Effect of Acid Etching Procedures on the Compressive.pdf